Tanzania has a growing economy with employment concentrated in a few centres and sectors.
Dar es Salaam
The commercial capital and largest market. Banking, telecommunications, port and logistics, professional services, NGOs and the headquarters of most private employers.
Dodoma
The political capital, with government functions having relocated there. Public administration and related services.
Mining
Gold, gemstones including tanzanite, and increasingly other minerals. Concentrated in the north and west, with technical qualifications and safety certifications as threshold requirements.
The sector generally pays above the national average.
Tourism
Northern circuit — Serengeti, Ngorongoro, Kilimanjaro — plus Zanzibar. Hospitality, guiding, transport and services, with strong seasonality.
Languages matter substantially here: English, and increasingly Italian, German and French for specific markets.
Agriculture
The largest employer by headcount. Coffee, cashew, cotton, sisal, horticulture and food crops, with substantial rural employment and seasonality.
Construction
Driven by infrastructure and urban development, with demand for skilled trades and site supervision.